Understanding the basics of psychology occupies a key place in every person's daily life. In order to successfully realize one's personal ambitions and achieve conceived goals, it is crucial not only to have knowledge in various fields, but also to have a deep understanding of personality psychology. This includes the ability to apply knowledge about one's own personality, its characteristics and inner world. In this context, multifactor personality questionnaires become particularly relevant, providing a lot of information about various aspects of human personality.
Personality characteristics
The study of personality characteristics helps to identify a person's life orientations, inner motives and aspirations, which play an important role in overcoming life's difficulties. To analyze personality traits, the "Freiburg Personality Questionnaire" was developed, containing 12 scales. The creators of this test, I. Fahrenberg, H. Zarg and R. Gampel, define personality as a unique combination of personal qualities, goals, aspirations, as well as physical and psychological features of a person.
Neuroticism
Neuroticism is expressed through emotional instability, excessive focus on one's own experiences, and lack of responsibility. The prevalence of such traits can provoke the development of psychosomatic disorders. However, if the test shows low values of neuroticism, it indicates that a person has calmness, poise and emotional stability.
Spontaneous aggressiveness
High levels of spontaneous aggressiveness characterize a person as prone to impulsive aggressive actions. At the same time, low levels indicate closedness, a small circle of friends, willingness to give in and emotional restraint.
Depressiveness
High levels of depression indicate insecurity, mood swings, feelings of anxiety, low self-esteem, feelings of isolation and irrelevance. Conversely, low scores demonstrate activity, optimism and cheerfulness.
Irritability
With high values of irritability, a person can be impulsive, bad-tempered and nervous. Low values, on the contrary, reflect responsibility, seriousness, reliability and conscientiousness.
Sociability
High levels of sociability describe a person as active, talkative, agile, and easy to get in touch with. Low values of sociability indicate a more withdrawn and secretive individual.
Poise
High values of poise indicate a person's ability to cope effectively with stress and crisis situations, acquiring inner calmness. Low values, in turn, reveal a tendency to anxiety, restlessness and fussiness.
Reactive aggressiveness
Reactive aggressiveness reflects a tendency to aggression towards the social environment, disregard for accepted norms, desire for leadership and dominance, distrust and authoritarian attitudes. Low values indicate adherence to social norms, poise and sensitivity to the opinions of others.
Shyness
High values of shyness characterize a person as insecure, inhibited, anxious, and having limited social contacts. At the same time, low levels of shyness indicate courage, determination, risk-taking, and the ability to defend oneself in stressful situations.
Openness
A high level of openness characterizes a person as sociable, ready to admit his/her own mistakes and striving for self-improvement, an active participant of social life. On the contrary, a low level of openness indicates a tendency to isolation, self-loathing and alienation.
Extraversion - introversion
High scores on the extraversion-introversion scale make a person an extrovert: sociable, proactive, creative, this person likes to be the center of attention and easily makes new friends. Low values characterize an introvert who prefers solitude, carefully plans actions, has an observant and analytical mind, and is patient.
Emotional lability
High values of emotional lability indicate a tendency to rapid mood changes, irritability, intolerance and excitability. Low values indicate emotional stability, the ability to control one's feelings.
Masculinism-Feminism
High scores on this scale indicate a masculine, or male, personality type, while low scores indicate a feminine, or female, personality type.
