Private speech (English: Autonomous or private speech) is a psychological term denoting self-directed speech, when a person talks to themselves, usually in situations that require problem-solving or concentration. This type of speech is often found in children, but it can also occur in adults.
Private speech is often observed in children during play or when they encounter new tasks. It helps organize thinking, plan actions, and solve problems. Unlike social speech, where communication is directed toward other people, private speech is a tool for self-regulation and self-organization.
In adults, private speech can also occur, especially in situations requiring a high degree of concentration or when a person is faced with a complex problem. It helps with organizing thoughts, formulating plans and strategies, as well as with self-motivation.
Interestingly, private speech can be either overt or internal. In some cases, a person may speak aloud; in others, they may engage in an internal dialogue. This is an important part of the cognitive process, contributing to better understanding and making sense of information.
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