Narcissism
Narcissism is self-directed attraction and fascination with one's own body. According to Sigmund Freud's theory, narcissism is part of normal personality development. During the first stage of development, known as “primary narcissism,” a child focuses on meeting their own needs and on themselves. In normal development, however, this self-directed attraction is gradually overcome, and the person becomes capable of loving and caring for others.
In narcissistic personality pathology, narcissism may become a dominant aspect of the personality. People with pronounced narcissism may have an exaggerated sense of self-importance, vanity, and a limited capacity for empathy toward others. They may constantly seek attention and approval from others and expect special treatment.
The term "narcissism" is also used in contemporary psychology and psychiatry to describe certain personality traits and personality disorders, such as narcissistic personality disorder (NPD), which is characterized by pronounced narcissism and a lack of empathy.